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Wintry January 14-16th storm potential.

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Huntsville AL
322 AM CST Sat Jan 13 2024

...New NEAR TERM, SHORT TERM, LONG TERM...

.NEAR TERM...
(Today)
Issued at 322 AM CST Sat Jan 13 2024

Gradient winds will continue to weaken early this morning as the
upper level trough responsible for the strong winds yesterday
shifts further to our east. Behind this system is a much colder
airmass, and sfc high pressure will expand across the local area
today. Morning wind chills have dropped into the teens, a bit of a
preview of things to come later in the forecast. Expect clouds to
thin from south to north today, with abundant sunshine for the
afternoon. Despite the sunshine, colder northwesterly flow will
keep afternoon highs limited to the low to mid 40s across the
area. Will want to grab a jacket if headed outdoors today, as wind
chills will struggle to climb above 40 degrees throughout the
day.

&&

.SHORT TERM...
(Tonight through Tuesday)
Issued at 322 AM CST Sat Jan 13 2024

Certainly a busy and increasingly concerning short term forecast,
as confidence continues to increase that we will see impactful
winter weather in the Tennessee Valley Monday into Tuesday. Model
trends over the past 24 hours are not only more consistent, but
have trended a bit higher with snowfall amounts for a large
portion of the forecast area. Before we get too locked into
specifics, there are some important considerations to be made when
forecasting winter weather in the south at this time range. First,
the system responsible for this is still making its way toward the
Pacific NW shore, where it will be better sampled by land-based
instruments that are important when it comes to forecast modeling.
It is not uncommon to see several minor to even major forecast
changes once these systems come onshore, so we will be paying
close attention to how these models trend over the next 24 hours.

Second, one or two degrees can make a big difference when it comes
to winter precip types and amounts, but at the current time we
feel fairly confident that by Monday morning temperatures will be
below freezing from the sfc up for at least northwest AL and
southern middle TN. With southwest flow aloft leading to favorable
moisture in the snow-growth zone, could see an efficient snow
producer out of this system for portions of the Southeast. With
temperatures several degrees below 0C through the vertical
atmosphere, do expect higher snow ratios and thus have increased
snow totals during the overnight forecast. With 2-4" amounts
across far north/northwest AL and southern middle TN, we feel
confident enough to go ahead and issue a Winter Storm Watch from
Franklin (AL) northeast to Jackson counties and north. This watch
may be expanded in future updates if guidance trends more
favorable for impactful snow across southeast portions of the
forecast area.
 
FROM NWS BIRMINGHAM
.LONG TERM...
(Sunday night through next Friday)
Issued at 414 AM CST SAT JAN 13 2024

A broad trough will remain across much of the CONUS through Tuesday,
with a deep upper low over Hudson Bay, associated with the
extratropical cyclone currently over the Great Lakes which will be
occluded by that time. A series of weak shortwaves will be rotating
through the base of this trough. At the surface, a strong cold front
will have moved through during the short term period, with an Arctic
air mass covering much of the central CONUS. The first weak wave
moves through Sunday night. A band of light snow is expected to set
up along an 850-700mb frontogenesis zone over the Mid-South region
Sunday night northwest of the forecast area, though there is a
chance some of this light snow makes it into our far northwest
counties prior to sunrise Monday morning. At this time
accumulations are not expected during the overnight hours Sunday
night in our far northwest counties, but will need to monitor as
temperatures will be below freezing during this time. A stronger
shortwave moves through during the day on Monday, and this band of
precipitation should sink southeastward into our far northwest
counties, especially Marion and Winston counties. Temperatures
will also remain at or below freezing in that region. Global
models all indicate temperature profiles in this region being
supportive of snow, with the potential for 1 to 2 inches of snow
in the far northwest counties, but the NAM indicates a warm nose.
Overall the NAM appears to be too amplified with the system and
850mb winds with the 925-850mb front further to the northwest,
though it is certainly possible there could be a warm nose not
depicted in the global guidance. Still, with precipitation falling
with temperatures at or below freezing, there would be impacts
from sleet or freezing rain if the precipitation there ends up not
being snow. Have therefore issued a Winter Storm Watch for Marion
and Winston Counties starting Monday morning, though this could
move earlier into Sunday night if precipitation starts earlier.

The shortwave moves past the area Monday evening, with mid-levels
drying out including in the dendritic growth zone. This will result
in overall less favorable conditions for accumulating snow Monday
night. Isentropic lift will persist at low-levels, however, with
southwest low to mid-level flow continuing downstream of a trough
digging into the Plains. Soundings remain saturated up to around
700mb, but generally below the -10C level. At the same time cold
advection at low-levels will cause sub-freezing temperatures to
advance southeastwards. With a warm nose present in soundings, this
indicates more of a wintry mix with rain changing over to freezing
rain, possibly mixed with sleet or light snow. Therefore
accumulations south of the far northern counties will mainly be in
the form of icing rather than sleet or snow. While PoPs (probability
of measurable precipitation) are currently only in the 20 to 30
percent range, at minimum freezing drizzle appears possible with
these soundings, which while not "measurable" can still cause
travel impacts. A winter weather advisory will likely be needed in
future updates for icy road conditions by Tuesday morning for at
least the northwest half of the forecast area. As we go into early
Tuesday morning, uncertainty increases regarding whether there is
an uptick of precipitation over our southeast counties, with
temperatures along the I-85 corridor near freezing. Will hold of
on mentioning wintry impacts in these areas but will need to
continue to monitor this.

A very cold air mass will move into the area behind this system.
High temperatures will be at or below freezing along and north of I-
20 on Tuesday, which could prolong travel impacts. A hard freeze
warning will probably be needed for some of our northwest counties
Tuesday morning, and areawide by Tuesday night/Wednesday morning.
Winds will become light across the far northwest/northern counties
Tuesday night, where forecast lows are in the mid to upper single
digits. They could trend a bit lower if there is snow on the ground.
Wind chills will also be at or below zero across northern and
western portions of the area Wednesday morning, so a wind chill
advisory may become necessary. Some far northern areas may not go
above freezing Wednesday either. Another hard freeze warning may
be needed for portions of the area Wednesday night. The next
system moves in Thursday night into Friday. There are some model
disagreements in temperatures with this system and precipitation
types. Will hold off on mentioning any wintry impacts in the HWO
at this time.

32/Davis
 
GFS with basically Winter Storm in portions of the Triad of NC & decent event for a chunk of NC. You can see the obvious South trend. I really wish that Arctic can over the Apps faster.
I don’t think it’s really a south trend. It’s the tilt on the trough beginning to turn earlier and pulling the moisture back inland from the coastal low that’s getting going. By the time it’s showing that snow going over the Piedmont, the cold air is that and you can see that from the soundings as 850s are very supportive of snow. Certainly a good trend with the tilt of the trough and if it can back up just a tad sooner, this could be a bigger deal with more of NC and SC in play
 
LOL Huntsville you leave the 3 counties in white out and they should also be in the winter storm watch. Euro shifted south also with accumulation. Nam showing ice. Euro accumulation picture .View attachment 141933View attachment 141934
Well, I guess this still over 48 hours out from when precip would begin in the shafted counties, so they have plenty of time to add them later today or tonight if warranted.
 
Kuchera totals for day 4:

View attachment 141944
Honestly surprised those aren’t a bit higher back over CLT metro and the southern Piedmont. The radar depiction showed a solid 6+ hours of snowfall in those spots. Probably not great rates but falling overnight with temperatures mainly in the upper 20s it should have no trouble sticking. This could be a case where the surface output is still trying to catch up to the H5 changes
 
For NC: Not to sound repetitive or being a weenie (well a little) but this really is close to a significant coastal. Really hoping these trends of trough tilting and drawing moisture inland continue at 12z today. Don't need a monster run, just positive trends.
 
Just the slightest change in orientation of that trough from 0z to 06z GFS, made the difference in a few flurries to a couple of inches in C/ENC.

View attachment 141946
Very fickle setup. Type of setup that’s gonna be tough to nail down even at hour 48
 
Very fickle setup. Type of setup that’s gonna be tough to nail down even at hour 48
Yep and honestly I like where we (especially ENC) sit right now better than a coastal already along the coast. I mean too much digging, amplification and it can get pulled west quick too. Don't think there's time for that though
 
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