Mesoscale Discussion 2128
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
1012 AM CDT Thu Oct 31 2019
Areas affected...Parts of eastern North Carolina...northeastern
Tennessee...southwestern Virginia...far eastern Kentucky...West
Virginia and southwestern Pennsylvania
Concerning...Severe potential...Watch likely
Valid 311512Z - 311715Z
Probability of Watch Issuance...80 percent
SUMMARY...A more substantial increase in potential for severe wind
gusts, and perhaps isolated tornadoes, is expected with a developing
line of storms during the 1-3 PM EDT time frame. One or more
watches probably will be needed within the next couple of hours.
DISCUSSION...Although mid/upper-level lapse rates across much of the
region are more or less moist adiabatic, latest objective analysis
suggests that boundary layer warming and moistening are contributing
to at least weak destabilization along the western slopes of the
Allegheny Mountains. Mixed-layer CAPE may not become much more than
roughly 500 J/kg, but this is expected to occur in the presence of
strengthening lower/mid tropospheric wind fields, as deepening of
the surface cyclone (now centered near Columbus OH) proceeds more
rapidly through early to mid afternoon.
Model forecast soundings indicate south to southwesterly flow
intensifying to 50-70+ kt, just off the surface through around 500
mb, as the strengthening surface cold front advances toward the
Alleghenies. This is expected to coincide with increasing lift
along/ahead of the cold front, aided by forcing for upward vertical
motion ahead of a vigorous short wave trough gradually pivoting east
of the the Mississippi Valley, to support an intensifying line of
thunderstorms.
It is possible that this may be gradually underway across parts of
northeastern Tennessee through eastern Kentucky and southeastern
Ohio, but a more notable increase/intensification seems more likely
during the 17-19Z time frame, before gradually spreading eastward
into/through the Appalachians.
As convection intensifies, downward momentum transport in downdrafts
will contribute to increasing potential for damaging convective
surface gusts. Large low-level hodographs could also support
supercell structures along and perhaps just ahead of the developing
line of storms, with a risk for tornadoes.
..Kerr/Grams.. 10/31/2019