Nice write up for tomorrow by FWD...
000
FXUS64 KFWD 112005
AFDFWD
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Fort Worth TX
305 PM CDT Mon Apr 11 2022
...New Long Term...
.LONG TERM... /NEW/
/Tuesday through Monday/
While the longwave
upper level trough will remain across the
Intermountain West Tuesday before ejecting out in the plains
Wednesday, the primary feature of interest to us is a strong
shortwave trough currently near Baja that will rotate around the
longwave and through Texas on Tuesday. It is rather unusual to be
able to spot and track these
shortwave disturbances so clearly on
water vapor this time of the year, but being able to do so in the
current data and in model potential
vorticity forecast raises the
confidence that strong forcing will spread over North and Central
Texas Tuesday afternoon.
Lift is just one of three important ingredients for
convection.
The second ingredient is
moisture, and after a couple days of
strong return
flow off of the Gulf, we certainly have enough of
that in place. The final ingredient is
instability, and it`s the
linchpin in this forecast. There will be
instability below an
inversion or
cap, but that
cap means the
atmosphere is effectively
stable and thus the 3rd ingredient is missing...that is unless
the
stable layer/
cap can be eroded. There are a few ways to break
a
cap, one through heating and moistening of the surface airmass
which is easy to predict and anticipate. The other is through
dynamic lift, much harder for forecasters and computer models
alike to predict. This explains why there are a variety of
forecast solutions - ranging from widespread
convection erupting
over the region during the afternoon to nothing happening at all.
(The models just don`t know how much of the
cap to erode.) For the
forecast I am leaning toward the more convectively
active
forecast solutions. The reason for this is that lifting of a
cap
is easier when the lapse rates above the
cap are nearly dry
adiabatic, which they will be tomorrow. This means that the lift
tomorrow isn`t spent lifting/modifying a thermodynamically
stable
mid level. Instead the lift more effectively reaches down to the
level of the
capping inversion and cools that layer...allowing
the very
unstable air residing in the lowest part of the
atmosphere to be realized in the form of
convection.
Given the strength of the forcing/lift and its timing, our storms
may not wait for peak heating and may not initially form on the
dryline like in our usual spring time severe weather events.
Storms could form as early as 1 or 2 pm. Increasing wind fields
ahead of the approaching
shortwave trough will result in organized
wind
shear, meaning that once storms develop they will be capable
of becoming supercells and producing a variety of severe weather.
Very large
hail (baseball or larger) is the primary threat, but
damaging winds and tornadoes are also possible. Storms will
rapidly move east and northeast through the afternoon and early
evening hours. As the forcing from the
shortwave trough moves out
of the region during the evening hours we should see activity
track east and the region may be in a lull for a few hours Tuesday
night. An arriving cold
front may spark up some additional
showers and storms early Wednesday morning mainly across East and
Central Texas. Severe weather is possible with this activity too,
but the more linear storm mode and diminishing wind
shear and
instability suggest it`s a lower end threat.