Does El Nino or in this case off the charts el nino have any effect on the PV? How so, through domino effect on other things/factors? Curious. Past couple el nino's as I recall, the PV stayed wrapped up like a iron fist majority of the time
My understanding is yes. Enhanced tropical convection from the nino alters the pacific wave train, there is more momentum and heat transported upward into the strat, the pv gradually becomes more susceptible to warming/stretching/splitting. It's more of a mid to later winter deal though in a nino and what we are seeing now is unusual. Big things to watch this winter to see if we can do it again will be persistent ridging at 500mb in the urals/aleutians/AK or even the NAO region they are usually precursors. One thing to remember also is the current QBO state favors a stronger PV so we may end up with some tug of war through the season
I was curious and thus just looked at all Ninos back to 1957-8 that peaked at +1.4+ RONI to see how the SPV was (data goes back to 1958) keeping in mind
26-7 will very likely be solidly +QBO at 30 mb:
2023-4 had weak SPV DJF, including an SSW mid-Jan, but was
-QBO:
2015-6 had strong SPV DJF and was
+QBO:
2009-10 had slightly strong SPV 1st half of winter, but weak SPV 2nd half, including 2 SSWs in Feb but it clearly had
-QBO:
1997-8 had weak SPV DJF, including a near SSW in early Jan, but was
neutral QBO
1991-2 had strong SPV Dec-early Jan and weak SPV mid Jan-Feb (avg DJF SPV neutral), but was
-QBO:
1986-7 had slightly strong SPV Dec and weak SPV JF, including a very long SSW late Jan-Feb, but was
-QBO:
1982-3 had strong SPV DJ and neutral SPV F and was
+QBO:
1972-3 had an SSW Feb 2nd but was
-QBO DJ and neutral QBO F:
1965-6 had an SSW on Dec 8th and another on Feb 24th but was
-QBO:
see SSW table I posted for 1972-3
1957-8 had an SSW Jan 30th, a very cold Feb, and was
+QBO:
see SSW table I posted for 1972-3
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To summarize:
- the
weak overall DJF SPVs of 2023-4, 2009-10, and 1986-7 as well as 1972-3 and 1965-6 that each had 1-2 SSWs were during
-QBO.
-the
weak DJF SPV of 1997-8 had a
neutral QBO
-the
neutral DJF SPV of 1991-2 had a
-QBO
-the
strong overall DJF SPVs of 2015-6 and 1982-3 were during
+QBO
-
The only exception among these 10 that had a weak overall SSW DJF and/or
one or more SSWs and also had a +QBO was 1957-8
———————
Observations:
1. QBO stats for strong El Niño clearly favor a stronger than normal overall DJF SPV for 26-7 due to a +QBO
2. But 1957-8 was +QBO and had an SSW Jan 30th along with a very cold Feb. So, there was that exception. Plus, the CFS has been very persistent on predicting a strong W based -NAO for Feb along with a mainly cold CONUS as a result of that.
3. Seasonal models that I’ve seen **fwiw** favoring a weak SPV later this winter although a strong SPV in Dec.
—————————
Conclusion:
Based on all of the above, I expect a stronger than normal SPV as well as mild E US in Dec. After that the jury’s out especially for late Jan through Feb due to CFSv2 progs for Feb showing a -NAO/mainly cold CONUS as well as the +QBO 1957-8 having both an SSW Jan 30th and a very cold/strong -NAO Feb.