Webberweather53
Meteorologist
If there's one area on the globe where models will preferentially struggle w/ the MJO, it's would be the entrance into the Maritime Continent (transition between phases 3-4). Traditionally, models have a dry bias over the Maritime Continent that's due in part to the disruption of the wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE), (one of the primary processes that drives the MJO over the Pacific/W Hem & Indian Ocean)), and the model's misrepresentation of the regional-scale, diurnally excited circulation, and quasi-stationary potential vorticity generation downstream of the topography in Sumatra, Borneo, and Papua/New Guinea that feedbacks onto the eastward propagating MJO wave. I also suspect lower frequency interference from ENSO is also contributing to these massive errors in the models' MJO forecast in the past several days.
This dry bias in the Maritime Continent may not seem important to the average individual, however errors here teleconnect to North Pacific & North America. Look no further than the recent ECMWF run wherein the model was correctly initialized w/ considerably more intense convection/precipitation northeast of the Maritime Continent. This increase in convection during the 12z initialization of the ECMWF resulted in a stronger/more amplified ridge in the far North Pacific that augmented the northern stream disturbance over SE Canada & forced it further SE, and ultimately led to a snowstorm in the Carolinas by day 6-7 by squashing the disturbance sliding to the south of the vortex. If you really breakdown tropical telconnections w/ our sensible weather into its most basic components, enhanced convectively-induced heating anomalies over the tropics generate rossby wave trains that modify the waveguide (jet stream) & pre-existing mid-latitude disturbances, which can thereby also feedback and further excite attendant tropical convection by preferentially "breaking" at different regions of the tropics