I've said this several times already today, but it's the rate of climate change that's concerning, not necessarily today's climate in context of historical records, because it means everything for adaptation and mitigation. The climate can become really warm, but if this change occurs over tens of thousands of years instead of hundreds to a few thousand that completely changes how the earth system responds to said change and lowers the likelihood of survival (humans should be fine, but perhaps not other plants/animals). The climate community has been well aware of what the planet's temperature has been in the past for a long time, but that's really not what's concerning about today's climate change, it's how fast it's occurring due to man, roughly between 1-2 orders of magnitude (10-100x) more quickly than even during the
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which is widely considered to be one of the most extreme examples of purely natural, rapid climate change in the relatively recent past & the closest analog to what is happening today. Also notice our annual emissions of CO2 completely dwarf even the very
peak of the PETM
"Of great importance for biological systems is that the rates of change in atmospheric composition and climate were far slower during the PETM than they are projected to be in the future
. If the earth warmed ∼5°C in ∼10 kyr at the onset of the PETM the average rate of temperature change was 0.05°C/century, 20–50 times slower than projected anthropogenic warming in the next century (IPCC, 2007). Even factoring in possible pulses in carbon emissions during the onset of the PETM,
peak rates are estimated to have been 1.7 Pg C·yr−1 (Cui et al., 2011), compared with anthropogenic carbon emissions of ∼9.1 Pg in 2010 (
Peters et al., 2012). The slower rates of environmental change during the PETM are likely to have allowed time for plant dispersal and range change
that may not be possible during the much more rapid anthropogenic change to come."